Informatics Publishing Limited

M. Nagaraj Kumar ¹, G. S. Laha ¹, C. S. Reddy ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Plant Pathology, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030, Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Nine selected bacteria were tested for their antagonistic activity against Fusarium moniliforme, causing bakanae disease of rice. The bacteria significantly suppressed the growth of the fungus in dual culture. The bacteria produced varying amounts of lytic enzymes (chitinase and b-l-3-glucanase), siderophores, salicylic acid and hydrogen cyanide. In greenhouse experiments, the antagonist B-44 was most effective in reducing the bakanae disease infected seedlings followed by PF-9 and PF-13.

Keywords

Antagonistic Bacteria, Bakanae Disease, Fusarium moniliforme, Rice.

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P. Balasiddamuni , C. S. Reddy , M. Subbarayudu , S. Ismail

Abstract

We defined Net Social Gain (NSG) which is a function of probability of capture (p) and length of punishment (f) We identified certain equilibrium and disequilibrium structures by maximizing NSG with respect to p and f separately and hence optimal punishment is determined. The nature of Marginal Social Loss (MSL) and Marginal Social Gain (MSG) curves has been narrated, under equilibrium and disequilibrium states. A relationship between elasticities of Total Social Loss (TSL) and Total Social Gain (TSC) with respect to punishment is established.

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E. Mamatha ¹, S. Saritha ¹, C. S. Reddy ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Mathematics, GITAM University, Bangalore, IN
2 School of Computing, SASTRA University, Thanjour, IN

Abstract

Rule based heuristic scheduling algorithms in real time and cloud computing Systems employ for resource or task scheduling since they are suitable to implement for NP-complete problems. However, they are simple but there is much room to improve these algorithms. This study presents a heuristic scheduling algorithm, called High performance hyper-heuristic scheduling algorithm (HHSA) using detection operator, to find better scheduling solutions for real and cloud computing systems. The two operators - diversity detection and improvement detection operators - are employed in this algorithm to determine the timing to determine the heuristic algorithm.. These two are employed to dynamically determine a low level heuristic that can be used to find better solution. To evaluate the performance of this method, authors examined the above method with several scheduling algorithms and results prove that Hyper Heuristic Scheduling Algorithm can significantly decrease the makespan of task scheduling when compared with all other scheduling algorithms. A novel high-performance hyper-heuristic algorithm is proposed for scheduling on cloud computing systems to reduce the makespan. This algorithm can be applied to both sequence dependent and sequence independent scheduling problems.

Keywords

Heuristic Algorithm, Scheduling Tasks, Cloud Computing, Diversity Detection.

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K. Raja Reddy ¹, C. S. Reddy ², S. Prahalladaiah ³

Affiliations
1 APMAS, Hyderabad, IN
2 APMAS and President of Sadhikaratha Foundation, Hyderabad, IN
3 Research and Advocacy Team, APMAS, Hyderabad, IN

Abstract

A comparative study of SHG-Bank Linkage Programme in Bihar and Odisha shows that the number of SHGs savings linked to banks are almost double in Odisha when compared to Bihar. The Government and NGOs are the major SHPIs in both the States. With regard to access to bank linkage and impact, the SHGs in Odisha seem to have fared better as compared to Bihar SHGs. The most urgent need is to focus on consolidating the efforts to improve the quality of the SHGs and strengthening the SHG federation system in line with the NRLM implementation strategy.

Keywords

SHG Movement, Microfinance, Self-Help Promoting Institutions.

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C. S. Reddy ¹

Affiliations
1 APMAS, Hyderabad, IN

Abstract

To address limitations of small informal SHGs, to achieve economies of scale and to sustain SHGs, the institutional innovation called SHG federation has been evolved. There are 1,63,730 SHG federations in India, most of them being primary level SHG federations functioning at village level. Majority of these federations are in the southern and eastern India. Rapid scale up of the SHG federations has been possible with the proactive role played by the State Governments implementing programmes supported by multi-lateral agencies. National Rural Livelihoods Mission plans to scale up SHG federations to all the villages of India following a saturation approach. SHG federations have gained widespread recognition among all the major stakeholders as institutions that promote financial inclusion and enable member SHGs to serve their women members more effectively. Greater attention is needed for improving the governance and systems of the SHG federations to become self-reliant and sustainable. For the SHG federation model to fully serve its purpose, promoters' capacity needs to be enhanced and appropriate legal forms need to be available. There is considerable potential for the SHG federations to evolve into "SHG banks" to serve as bridge-financing agencies to augment SHG-bank linkage. SHG federations will have to play the role of self-regulatory organisations.

Keywords

SHG, Microfinance JEL.

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K. Raja Reddy ¹, C. S. Reddy ²

Affiliations
1 Development Research Consultant, IN
2 APMAS, Hyderabad, IN

Abstract

This paper aims to understand the impact of Self-Help Group-Bank Linkage Programme (SHG-BLP) on SHG members’ households, using a sample of 864 SHG members from 432 SHGs drawn from 40 blocks in 12 districts of Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Odisha and Uttar Pradesh. It finds that SHGs have brought about a significant change in the lives of their members at the household level. The members have opened individual savings bank accounts and most household savings are with banks. Majority of the households owe a significant portion of their debts to SHGs. The SHG member households have procured an array of assets using SHG loans. Of all the assets, livestock is predominant, followed by agriculture machinery and housing. The households have benefitted in multiple ways such as, improvement in household income, more work to household members, repayment of highcost old debts, improvement in children’s education and health of family members.

Keywords

Self-Help Group-Bank Linkage Programme, Household Savings.

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C. S. Jha ¹, Rakesh ¹, J. Singhal ¹, C. S. Reddy ¹, G. Rajashekar ¹, S. Maity ², C. Patnaik ², Anup Das ², Arundhati Misra ², C. P. Singh ², Jakesh Mohapatra ², N. S. R. Krishnayya ³, Sandhya Kiran ³, Phil Townsend ⁴, Margarita Huesca Martinez ⁵

Affiliations
1 National Remote Sensing Centre, Indian Space Research Organisation, Hyderabad 500 037, IN
2 Space Applications Centre, Indian Space Research Organisation, Ahmedabad 380 015, IN
3 MS University of Baroda, Vadodara 390 002, IN
4 University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706, US
5 University of California, Davis 95616, US

Abstract

Species diversity and vegetation health are two critical components to be monitored for sustainable forest management and conservation of biodiversity. The present study characterizes species dominance and α -diversity of a forest for the selected region in Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary (MWS), Western Ghats, which represents one of the most economically important forest types in India – the tropical dry deciduous forest. NASA’s Next-Generation Airborne Visible and Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS-NG) data at spectral resolution of 5 nm and spatial resolution of 5 m were used to analyse the forest matrix. Biodiversity (α -diversity) map thus generated from airborne platform over 14.5 sq. km area mostly represents the forest tree species diversity. Dominant tree species in the study area were also mapped using AVIRIS data for 21.7 sq. km. Canopy emergent dominant species, viz. Anogeissus latifolia, Tectona grandis, Terminalia alata, Grewia tiliifolia, Syzygium cumini and Shorea roxburghii were classified using spectral angle mapper technique and image-based spectra in the MWS study site. The study shows that nearly 40% area is dominated by A. latifolia and 27.5% by T. grandis in the study site. This study concludes that AVIRIS data can be used in the delineation of species and α -diversity mapping at community level; however, the accuracy achieved for species classification is moderate (60%) due to intermixing of species in the study area. For the Shimoga study site in Karnataka, the field spectra were collected using a spectroradiometer and used for the classification for the three dominant tree species using absorption peak decomposition technique. Fieldcollected pure spectra were analysed and species-wise absorption peaks (Gaussian) with central wavelength, peak amplitude and dispersion were used as the endmembers for classification. AVIRIS-NG data over Shoolpaneshwar Wildlife Sanctuary (SWS) study site used for fuel load estimation with narrow band indices calculated from AVIRIS-NG datasets. AVIRIS-NG data for MWS and Shimoga study site were collected during 2 and 5 January 2016, while for SWS site data were collected on 8 February 2016.

Keywords

Airborne Sensors, Forest Health, Hyperspectral Imaging, Species Diversity.

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E. Mamatha ¹, S. Saritha ¹, Krishna Anand ², C. S. Reddy ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Mathematics, GITAM University, Bangalore-561203, IN
2 Department of Computer Science, Sreenidhi Inst of Tech, Hyderabad, IN
3 Department of Mathematics, CIT –North Campus, Bangalore, IN

Abstract

The agriculture sector is essential to implement the automation technology to growrapidly for better results and to produce crops for the requirement of the world population in the present scenario. Present existing technology and old mythologies and tools and types of machinery are not sufficient to achieve the targets. The enhanced technology and optimized energy utilization tools are straightaway to be adopted in the form of information technology machines that are more effective with old methods. The precision formation has revealed the advantages of machinery technology but needs to improve more for the next new equipment for the coming generations, which we call robotics technologies. The initiation of an autonomous system gives us a better prospect to build up a completely new variety of farming kits with the support of small elegant equipments like types of machinery which will do an accurate process, at the right time with the exact place, in the correct approach. A machine that contains an automatic control mechanism tracks the front running vehicle and follows, which has advantages of both vehicles that can be controlled and monitored effectively by a single driver in large farming sectors.

Keywords

Agriculture Robots, Automation, Vehicle Control, Agricultural Sector, Vehicle Monitoring.

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C. S. Reddy ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Mathematics, CIT - North Campus Bangalore-562110, IN

Abstract

Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a self-organized mobile nodes group that is connected fairly with low wireless bandwidth links. This manuscript proposes an innovative efficient queuing architecture, which supports for both elastic and inelastic traffic arises real time world. Packets or jobs of inelastic flows are always preferred for service comparing to those of the elastic flows. If any link is significantly weighted down by the inelastic traffic, it causes in great delays. To sort the problem the virtual queue algorithm gives the veteran delay compare to virtual queues that are served at a fraction of the actual service rate and by using the virtual queue-length values in utility function.

Keywords

Ad Hoc Networks, Multiprocessor Queuing Model, Dynamic Waiting Room, Mobile Networks.

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